In the past, multitude of Indonesian culture has been incorporating queer and non-binary practices. More so, these practices are heavily related to local beliefs that is seen as sacred by local communities. i.e. Warok and Gemblak in Reog, 5 genders in Bugis, The third gender in Toraja.

"Virtue ethics is a way of thinking about right and wrong that focuses on good character. It emphasizes acting in ways that reflects positive traits like honesty, courage, and kindness.

Utilitarian frameworks think about right and wrong by maximizing outcomes, usually defined as the greatest overall well-being of utility for affected parties.”